The effects of gluteus muscle strengthening exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbar muscle strength and balance in chronic low back pain patients

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of exercise to strengthen the muscles of the hip together with lumbar segmental stabilization exercise on the lumbar disability index, lumbar muscle strength, and balance. [Subjects and Methods] This study randomly and equally assigned 40 participants who provided written consent to participate in this study to a lumbar segmental stabilization exercise plus exercise to strengthen the muscles of the gluteus group (SMG + LES group) and a lumbar segmental stabilization exercise group. [Results] Each evaluation item showed a statistically significant effect. [Conclusion] Clinical application of exercise in this study showed that lumbar segmental stabilization exercise plus exercise to strengthen the muscles of the gluteus resulted in a greater decrease in low back pain disability index and increase in lumbar muscle strength and balance ability than lumbar segmental stabilization exercise in chronic low back pain patients receiving the exercise treatments during the same period.     

温针灸联合推拿治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床观察

目的:观察温针灸联合推拿治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法:100例按随机数字表法分为两组各50例。对照组行腰椎牵引治疗,观察组行温针灸联合推拿治疗。结果:观察组总有效率、JOA评分高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后VAS评分、IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α、MMP-3指标低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:温针灸联合推拿治疗腰椎间盘突出症可降低VAS评分及炎症因子水平,提高JOA评分,改善症状及预后。     

Primary epidural lumbar Ewing sarcoma presenting as cauda equina syndrome in an adult patient who underwent surgical decompression: A case report

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare primary neoplasm in the lumbar adult spine and may mimic a benign tumor. In this case, after a patient's three-month history of lower back pain and rapidly progressing leg numbness and weakness, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a mass in the third lumbar vertebra. At a two-month follow-up, imaging showed a fracture, compression and lesion enlargement. Decompression and fixation confirmed ES, and the patient began combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Two months postoperatively, residual ES was suspected on MRI. The patient underwent a second surgery, and histopathology confirmed necrosis. A six-month follow-up after the first surgery showed no tumor recurrence. This case supports the inclusion of ES in the differential diagnosis of pathologic spinal fracture. Early decompression and spinal fixation are critical for preserving neurologic and spinal functions in ES complicated by a compression fracture. Combined adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy remain the standard therapeutic strategy.     

脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数与腰椎椎间盘突出症相关性研究进展

腰椎椎间盘突出症(LDH)是指腰椎椎间盘发生退行性病理改变,纤维环破裂,髓核组织从破裂处突出/脱出,刺激或压迫神经引起的以腰腿痛为主要症状的病变,给患者的工作生活带来一定影响。近年有研究发现,脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数与LDH密切相关,正常脊柱-骨盆形态可使身体处于最佳平衡状态,若发生改变则平衡状态被破坏,导致脊柱矢状面生物力学发生改变,从而加速脊柱退行性变[1-3]。本文查阅分析脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数与LDH的相关性研究,发现脊柱-骨盆矢状面失衡不仅与LDH的发生机制相关,且与其临床症状和预后也有关联,现综述如下。     

以就业为导向的脊柱相关疾病的推拿教学策略

目的培养脊柱及相关疾病推拿治疗的应用型人才。方法采用编写应用型教材、把教室转移到诊室和示教室、教材-案例“逼真”教学法、创造学生在临床真实环境下的动手操作机会和产-学-研相结合教学法等手段和方法,在内容改革上纳入目前医院和社会机构多使用的规划教材之外的手法技术、现代康复技术和世界各地的脊柱手法技术,拓宽知识面,与临床应用接轨;发挥考试的导向功能,通过改革考试和评价方法,切实培养应用型人才。结果教学效果良好,有效提升了学生临床适应能力和社会生存能力。结论以就业为导向的脊柱及相关疾病的推拿教学模式值得进一步探索。     

A Pre-implementation Study of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Same-day Planning and Treatment of Vertebral Bone Metastases Within a Rapid-access Palliative Radiotherapy Programme

AimsWe aimed to develop a process for same-day contouring, planning, quality assurance and delivery of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for vertebral bone metastases within our institution's rapid-access palliative radiotherapy programme.Materials and methodsTwo thoracic (T6–7, T3–7) and two lumbar (L2–3, L1–5) targets were contoured on computed tomography images acquired from an anthropomorphic phantom and five patient scans. Inverse planning aimed to provide coverage of a prescribed dose of 8 Gy with a combined lung V2Gy < 25% and a combined kidney mean dose <2 Gy. Serial plans were created to identify an efficient combination of six main planning variables specific to our treatment planning system: (i) voxel size (3 mm versus 5 mm), (ii) Monte Carlo statistical uncertainty (1% per calculation versus 3% per control point), (iii) fluence smoothing (medium versus high), (iv) number of iterations of segment shape changes during optimisation (1 versus 5), (v) dose calculation algorithm (Monte Carlo versus pencil beam) and (vi) number of arcs (single versus multiple). Contouring, planning, quality assurance and treatment delivery were timed.ResultsThe combination of planning variables deemed efficient and appropriate was: a 3 mm voxel size, statistical uncertainty of 1% per calculation, medium fluence smoothing, five iterations of segment shape changes, Monte Carlo dose calculation and single full arc delivery. Patient scan contouring times ranged from 7 to 9 min (T6–7), 11–13 min (T3–7), 5–7 min (L2–3) and 8–10 min (L1–5) and planning times ranged from 9 to 15 min (T6–7), 13–25 min (T3–7), 18–25 min (L2–3) and 21–31 min (L1–5). Physics quality assurance times ranged from 15 to 21 min and beam-on times ranged from 3 to 6 min.ConclusionsThe combined elements of VMAT for thoracic and lumbar vertebral bone metastases were completed in under 2 h. This new process makes same-day contouring, planning, quality assurance and treatment delivery of VMAT feasible within our rapid-access palliative radiotherapy programme.     

放松功辅助治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效观察

目的:观察放松功辅助治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的临床疗效。方法:2018年5月至11月于上海市气功研究所医疗门诊部收集63例LDH患者,将其随机分为治疗组(32例)与对照组(31例)。治疗组予以电针结合放松功治疗,对照组仅给予电针治疗,两组电针治疗频率均为每周2次,治疗组放松功习练频率为每天1次,每次约20min,两种治疗方法均连续治疗3个月。治疗前后,利用VAS评分、CODI指数、表面肌电指标进行临床疗效评定。结果:治疗组有效率为90.3%(28/31),对照组有效率为83.3%(25/30)。治疗后,治疗组VAS评分显著低于同期对照组(P<0.05),治疗组患侧与健侧多裂肌MF值均高于对照组同侧(P<0.05)。结论:放松功在改善LDH患者疼痛与腰部肌肉疲劳度方面疗效明显,值得进行临床推广应用。     

A guide to assessing post-operative complications following en bloc spinal resection

En-bloc resection of spinal tumours is a complex procedure with significant morbidity and mortality. The extensive resection leaves a large soft tissue and osseous defect requiring reconstruction. Following en-bloc resection, there may be complications relating to both the removal of the tumour and the subsequent reconstruction. This paper outlines the imaging appearances of the frequently encountered complications in our experience. The primary aim is to improve the confidence of the radiologist when reporting imaging following spinal en-bloc resection, however we believe this is also useful for the spinal and orthopaedic surgeons in assessing the patients following en block resection.